Pathophysiology of Ischaemic Mitral Valve Prolapse: A Review of the Evidence and Implications for Surgical Treatment

  • Home / Pathophysiology of Ischaemic Mitral Valve Prolapse: A Review of the Evidence and Implications for Surgical Treatment

Pathophysiology of Ischaemic Mitral Valve Prolapse: A Review of the Evidence and Implications for Surgical Treatment

*Francesco Nappi,1,2 Cristiano Spadaccio,1,3 Massimo Chello1

1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord de Saint-Denis, Paris, France
3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, UK
*Correspondence to francesconappi2@gmail.com

Disclosure: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Limitations: The authors acknowledge this work lacks a statistical analysis of the available evidence, as in a systematic review of the literature or meta-analysis. However, the studies available on this topic are limited by a high degree of heterogeneity and thus cannot be statistically analysed with sufficient power.
Received: 07.01.16 Accepted: 11.07.17
Citation: EMJ Cardiol. 2017;5[1]:62-69.

Abstract

Ischaemic mitral prolapse (IMP) is a pathologic entity encountered in about one-third of patients undergoing surgery for ischaemic mitral regurgitation. IMP is generally the result of a papillary muscle injury consequent to myocardial infarction, but the recent literature is progressively unveiling a more complex pathogenesis. The mechanisms underlying its development are the impairment of one or more components of the mitral apparatus, which comprises the annulus, chordae tendineae, papillary muscle, and left ventricular wall. IMP is not only a disorder of valvular function but also entails coexistent aspects of a geometric disturbance of the mitral valve configuration and of the left ventricular function and dimension. A correct understanding of all these aspects is crucial to guide and tailor the correct therapeutic strategy to be adopted. Localisation of prolapse and anatomic features of the prolapsed leaflets and the subvalvular apparatus should be carefully evaluated as also constituting the major determinants defining patient outcomes. This review will summarise our current understanding of the pathophysiology of and clinical evidence on IMP, with a particular focus on surgical treatment.

This article is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 License.

The post Pathophysiology of Ischaemic Mitral Valve Prolapse: A Review of the Evidence and Implications for Surgical Treatment appeared first on European Medical Journal.

About Post Author

Medical CPD & News

The Digitalis CPD trawler searches the web for all the latest news and journals.

Privacy Preference Center

Close your account?

Your account will be closed and all data will be permanently deleted and cannot be recovered. Are you sure?

Are you sure?

By disagreeing you will no longer have access to our site and will be logged out.